When Car Battery Charger Reads 2 Amps
If you are an automotive technician, vehicle technician, or a motor mechanic, you lot may find this cheap yet powerful auto bombardment charger circuit extremely handy, as it can be used for charging all types of car and motorcycle battery overnight with minimum effort.
This charger is specially suited for garages since it has a rugged and a maintenance gratis blueprint, which allows the mechanic to use information technology without too many precautions. The only precaution that needs to be taken is the voltage selection between vi V and 12 V, depending on the battery.
Some other advantage of this solid land auto battery charger is that the car mechanic tin can leave the battery unattended after connecting it with the charger, since the charger itself takes care of everything, right from motorcar total charge cut off to a current a controlled charging.
Main Features
- Inexpensive blueprint, built using detached ordinary parts.
- Adjustable charging voltage
- Adjustable charging current.
- Fully transistorized Solid State blueprint.
- Suitable for all auto and motorbike batteries.
- Automated cutting off
- Charging level and status indicator
Full Charged Battery Improves Common cold Cranking Amps
This circuit can too be used past all motorists so that they can be relaxed, particularly on cold mornings. The unit of measurement will automatically charge the auto's accumulator overnight then that during frozen mornings the car engine starts readily and at the first cranking.
While implementing an overnight battery charging unit, it becomes crucial to ensure that the battery does not get overcharged at any circumstances.
To make certain overcharging tin can never accept place, the output voltage from the charger ought to be limited to the right safety limit.
For 12 volt batteries the optimal rubber charging voltage is approximately 14.1 V and for 6 Five batteries information technology is around 7 V.
The full charge voltage threshold for 12 V machine battery is adjusted using preset P2, and for vi V motorbike battery it is set by preset P1.
Circuit Diagram
How the Auto Cut-off at Full Charge Level Works
Overcharging state of affairs is controlled through the following circuit operations.
While the bombardment charges its voltage level slowly climbs higher, until it reaches its fourscore or xc% charge level. This is actually set by the presets P2 or P3 equally explained previously.
Now, as the voltage level begins reaching the total accuse level, the current begins dropping until it reaches almost the 0 amp mark. This is detected past the current sensor stage built around transistor T1/T2, or BC547/BC557, which instantly conduct and cuts off the bias to the base of T3 (BD138).
This in turn dries off the base bias for the power transistor 2N3055, shutting off the charging supply to the battery.
T3, T4 transistors actually acquit like a high proceeds, high power PNP/NPN Darlington pair for effective transfer of current to the continued battery.
How Electric current Sensor Works
The current sensor stage using T1, T2, and preset P1 tin be used for setting any current between ii and 6 amps for charging the relevant motorcar battery. With half-dozen amp electric current a 60 Ah car battery can be charged inside 12 hours to 80% level which is almost the full charge level of the battery.
How Charging Status is Monitored
The output charging current or the charging status can be continuously monitored through an ordinary ammeter. This could be whatever cheap ammeter rated accordingly.
The series resistors Rs is used for suitably calibrating the meter response to full scale deflection initially, and 0V deflection at full charge.
The capacitor Cp ensures that the meter needle does non vibrating due to 100 Hz frequency from the span rectifier.
How the Circuit Prevents Desulfation
It must be noted that no filter capacitor is included in this car battery charger excursion, which helps to implement two factors: 1) cost and infinite saving, 2) Enhance battery life by minimizing the sulfation chances of the plates. The but single smoothing element in the charger is the car bombardment itself!
How to Prepare the Presets
Equally tin be seen the presets P2, P3 are associated with a few rectifier diodes and zener diodes. When the 1K preset setting is at the maximum level, it sets the relevant outputs to fourteen V and 7 V for 12 Five and 6 V bombardment charging respectively.
The 1 K presets allow the user to fine-tune the total charge level to the preferred precise value. In case the maximum default value fails to attain the recommended levels of 14.1 V and vii V, the user may add an additional rectifier diode with the existing D3, D4 or D5 diodes, and then tweak the 1K presets until the exact output full accuse level is determined.
How to Set up the Current Limit
The output current limit can exist fixed past appropriately adjusting the P1 preset in the post-obit fashion:
Intilally keep the P1 slider towards the 68 ohm resistor.
Connect a x amp ammeter across the emitter of 2N3055 and basis.
Now, slowly adjust P1 until the desired maximum current is adamant through the meter reading. This will set the output charging current for the car bombardment at the required optimal rate.
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Source: https://www.homemade-circuits.com/regulated-car-battery-charger-circuit-for-garage-mechanics/
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